Vanilla

Other Name(s):

Bourbon Vanilla, Common Vanilla, Madagascar Vanilla, Mexican Vanilla, Réunion Vanilla, Tahitian Vanilla, Tahiti Vanilla, Vainilla, Vanilla planifolia, Vanilla tahitensis, Vanille, Vanille Bourbon, Vanille de Bourbon, Vanille de Madagascar, Vanille du Mexique, Vanille de Tahiti, Vanillin.

Overview

Vanilla is a plant. The bean (fruit) is commonly used to make flavoring, but it is also used to make medicine.

People take vanilla to treat intestinal gas and fever. They also use it to increase sexual desire (as an aphrodisiac).

In foods and beverages, vanilla is a well-known flavoring, but it is also added to foods to reduce the amount of sugar needed for sweetening. Some people add vanilla to food to help stop tooth decay.

In manufacturing, vanilla is used as a flavoring in syrups used in making medications. It is also used as a fragrance in perfumes.

Vanilla extract can be pricey. So lab-produced vanillin is often used as a substitute for vanilla. Sometimes vanilla extracts are diluted with less expensive extracts. Vanilla extracts from Mexico have been diluted with tonga bean extracts, but these contain a chemical called coumarin. Since 1954, the FDA has prohibited the use of coumarin in food.

How does work?

Vanilla contains chemicals that are high in flavor and fragrance, but it is not known how it works for medicinal uses.

Uses

Insufficient Evidence to Rate Effectiveness for...

  • Fever.
  • Intestinal gas.
  • Other conditions.
More evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of vanilla for these uses.

QUESTION

Next to red peppers, you can get the most vitamin C from ________________. See Answer

Side Effects

Vanilla is LIKELY SAFE when taken by mouth in amounts commonly found in foods. However, there are some side effects. Skin contact can cause irritation and swelling (inflammation). It might also cause headache and sleep problems (insomnia), especially for people who manufacture vanilla extract.

Precautions

Pregnancy and breast-feeding: Vanilla is LIKELY SAFE for pregnant and breast-feeding women when taken by mouth in food amounts. Larger medicinal amounts should be avoided until more is known.

Dosing

The appropriate dose of vanilla depends on several factors such as the user's age, health, and several other conditions. At this time there is not enough scientific information to determine an appropriate range of doses for vanilla. Keep in mind that natural products are not always necessarily safe and dosages can be important. Be sure to follow relevant directions on product labels and consult your pharmacist or physician or other healthcare professional before using.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely Effective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate (detailed description of each of the ratings).

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Report Problems to the Food and Drug Administration

You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit the FDA MedWatch website or call 1-800-FDA-1088.

References

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Fitzgerald, D. J., Stratford, M., Gasson, M. J., Ueckert, J., Bos, A., and Narbad, A. Mode of antimicrobial action of vanillin against Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus plantarum and Listeria innocua. J Appl.Microbiol 2004;97(1):104-113. View abstract.

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Li, H. M., Rotter, D., Hartman, T. G., Pak, F. E., Havkin-Frenkel, D., and Belanger, F. C. Evolution of novel O-methyltransferases from the Vanilla planifolia caffeic acid O-methyltransferase. Plant Mol.Biol 2006;61(3):537-552. View abstract.

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Ngarmsak, M., Delaquis, P., Toivonen, P., Ngarmsak, T., Ooraikul, B., and Mazza, G. Antimicrobial activity of vanillin against spoilage microorganisms in stored fresh-cut mangoes. J Food Prot. 2006;69(7):1724-1727. View abstract.

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Odink, J., Korthals, H., and Knijff, J. H. Simultaneous determination of the major acidic metabolites of catecholamines and serotonin in urine by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection after a one-step sample clean-up on Sephadex G-10; influence of vanilla and banana ingestion. J Chromatogr 2-26-1988;424(2):273-283. View abstract.

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Oliva, J. M., Ballesteros, I., Negro, M. J., Manzanares, P., Cabanas, A., and Ballesteros, M. Effect of binary combinations of selected toxic compounds on growth and fermentation of Kluyveromyces marxianus. Biotechnol Prog. 2004;20(3):715-720. View abstract.

Pain, S. On the trail of Tahiti's elusive vanilla orchid. New Scientist 2008;199(2684):48-49.

Pak, F. E., Gropper, S., Dai, W. D., Havkin-Frenkel, D., and Belanger, F. C. Characterization of a multifunctional methyltransferase from the orchid Vanilla planifolia. Plant Cell Rep 2004;22(12):959-966. View abstract.

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Palama, T. L., Khatib, A., Choi, Y. H., Payet, B., Fock, I., Verpoorte, R., and Kodja, H. Metabolic changes in different developmental stages of Vanilla planifolia pods. J Agric Food Chem 9-9-2009;57(17):7651-7658. View abstract.

Palama, T. L., Menard, P., Fock, I., Choi, Y. H., Bourdon, E., Govinden-Soulange, J., Bahut, M., Payet, B., Verpoorte, R., and Kodja, H. Shoot differentiation from protocorm callus cultures of Vanilla planifolia (Orchidaceae): proteomic and metabolic responses at early stage. BMC.Plant Biol 2010;10:82. View abstract.

Panagou, E. Z. and Nychas, G. J. Dynamic modeling of Listeria monocytogenes growth in pasteurized vanilla cream after postprocessing contamination. J Food Prot. 2008;71(9):1828-1834. View abstract.

Pinegar, J. A. and Buxton, J. D. An investigation of the bacteriological quality of retail vanilla slices. J Hyg (Lond) 1977;78(3):387-394. View abstract.

Podstolski, A., Havkin-Frenkel, D., Malinowski, J., Blount, J. W., Kourteva, G., and Dixon, R. A. Unusual 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde synthase activity from tissue cultures of the vanilla orchid Vanilla planifolia. Phytochemistry 2002;61(6):611-620. View abstract.

Ponnusamy, K Paul D Ji Hyang K. Inhibition of Quorum Sensing Mechanism and Aeromonas hydrophila Biofilm Formation by Vanillin. Environmental Engineering Science 2009;26(8):1359-1363.

Porras-Alfaro, A. and Bayman, P. Mycorrhizal fungi of Vanilla: diversity, specificity and effects on seed germination and plant growth. Mycologia. 2007;99(4):510-525. View abstract.

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